ONIONS
Export Quality Onions: Overview, Varieties & Process
1. Overview of Export Quality Onions
Export-quality onions must meet international standards in terms of size, shape, color, pungency, and shelf life. They should be free from disease, physical damage, and excessive moisture to prevent spoilage during transit. Different countries have specific import regulations regarding pesticide residue, packing, and labeling.
2. Major Varieties of Onions for Export
Different countries prefer specific onion varieties based on their culinary traditions and climatic conditions. Some of the widely exported onion varieties include:
• Red Onions (e.g., Nashik Red, Agrifound Dark Red) – High demand in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Europe.
• White Onions (e.g., Agrifound White) – Preferred in the USA, Europe, and the Gulf region due to their mild flavor.
• Yellow Onions (e.g., Superex, Granex) – Mostly exported to the USA and Europe for use in processed foods.
• Pink Onions – Exported mainly to Bangladesh and Southeast Asian countries.
3. Export Process for Onions
A. Sourcing & Quality Control
• Onions are sourced from certified farms that follow Good Agricultural Practices (GAP).
• Grading is done based on size (Small: 25-40 mm, Medium: 40-70 mm, Large: 70+ mm) and quality.
B. Pre-Processing & Packaging
• Cleaning & Drying: Onions are cleaned to remove soil and dried to reduce moisture content (below 6-7%).
• Sorting & Grading: Defective onions are removed, and only uniform-sized, disease-free bulbs are selected.
• Packaging:
• Standard packaging includes 5kg, 10kg, 25kg, or 50kg mesh/jute bags.
• Bags are well-ventilated to prevent moisture buildup.
• Some countries require special fumigation or treatment to meet phytosanitary regulations.
C. Transportation & Storage
• Onions are stored in well-ventilated, cool warehouses before shipping.
• Transportation is mainly via refrigerated or ventilated containers to maintain freshness.
E. Export Destinations & Market Trends
• Major markets include UAE, Saudi Arabia, Bangladesh, Malaysia, UK, Europe, and the USA.
• Export trends depend on local production, global demand, and trade policies.